实验目的:
1、掌握默认路由的基本配置。
2、理解默认路由的应用环境。
实验拓扑:
实验步骤:
1、依据图中拓扑配置各设备的IP地址,并保证直连连通性;
在R1上做如下配置:
R1(config)#int f0/0 R1(config-if)#no shutdown R1(config-if)#ip address 12.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 R1(config-if)#exit R1(config)#int loopback 1 R1(config-if)#ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 R1(config-if)#exit
在R2上做如下配置:
R2(config)#int f0/0 R2(config-if)#no shutdown R2(config-if)#ip address 12.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 R2(config-if)#exit R2(config)#int loopback 1 R2(config-if)#ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255 R2(config-if)#exit R2(config)#int loopback 2 R2(config-if)#ip address 8.8.8.8 255.255.255.255 R2(config-if)#exit
在R1上进行直连连通性测试:
R1#ping 12.1.1.2 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 12.1.1.2, timeout is 2 seconds: .!!!! Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 28/36/48 ms
此时说明直连连接没有问题。
2.通过部署默认路由,使得R1可以访问R2背后的所有环回网段,如下:
R1(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 12.1.1.2
查看R1的路由表:
R1#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is 12.1.1.2 to network 0.0.0.0 1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 1.1.1.1 is directly connected, Loopback1 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 12.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 12.1.1.2
此时R1的路由表出现“S*”标识的路由条目,即静态默认路由。
3、在R1上测试默认路由,如下:
R1#ping 2.2.2.2 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2.2.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 28/38/52 ms R1#ping 8.8.8.8 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 8.8.8.8, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 28/36/56 ms
以上表明,通过部署默认路由,使得R1可以访问互联网的网段,此实验完成。
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